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Pedro Albizu Campos

One of the most celebrated and distinguished Puerto Ricans is Pedro Albizu Campos (1891-1965.) An exceptional student, he won a scholarship to the University of Vermont to study engineering and migrated to the United States in 1912. He entered Harvard a year later. During World War II Campos joined the army. He was assigned to an African- American unit and was discharged as first lieutenant. After returning to Harvard in 1919 he earned degrees in literature, philosophy, chemical engineering, military science, and law. He also learned seven languages, which he spoke fluently. A fierce nationalist, Campos turned down many prestigious job offers, among them positions at the Supreme Court and the State Department, and returned to Puerto Rico, where he advocated independence from the U.S. In 1930 he was elected president of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. Campos's views did not sit well with the U.S. administration and he was jailed in Atlanta, Georgia, from 1937 to 1947 for "seditious conspiracy to overthrow the government in Puerto Rico." In 1950 he was sentenced again, this time to eighty years. Pardoned twice, "El Maestro," as he was known, nevertheless spent the remainder of his life - except for the last few months - in jail. His name has been given to a school in Harlem and to numerous streets, parks, and schools in Puerto Rico.

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