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Although Afro-Caribbeans' labor was badly needed they received a cold reception at best from their British hosts. They were victims of vicious and blatant discrimination, particularly in housing, education, and employment. On occasions, they were subject to physical attacks by thugs. Violent race riots led by "Keep Britain White" mobs erupted in Notting Hill and Nottingham in 1958. In the 1960s, the British government drastically curtailed Afro-Caribbean immigration. Despite the hostile reception and the curtailment of the migration, Afro-Caribbeans have contributed meaningfully to their adopted country. In the last two decades, tens of thousands of them have moved either to the United States or to their homelands.